Exploring EFL Teachers' Strategies in Employing AI Chatbots in Writing Instruction to Enhance Student Engagement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a powerful tool in English as a Foreign Language (EFL), offering significant prospects for improving language learning and teaching. Recently, the incorporation of chatbots, one of the advanced AI language models, in EFL writing has garnered interest. This study aims to investigate the use of AI chatbots in EFL writing instruction, driven by their potential to stimulate student engagement across affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement. The main objective was to evaluate student engagement levels with AI chatbots and assess EFL teachers' strategies for stimulating this engagement. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, the research involved 40 students and two faculty members, employing questionnaires and semi-structured interviews for data collection. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative insights were obtained through thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Findings indicate that AI chatbots significantly improve student engagement, evidenced by high affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement levels. The study identifies three effective strategies teachers use: personalized feedback, gamification, and interactive writing assignments. The research findings show the potential benefits of integrating AI chatbots into EFL writing instruction, facilitating informed decisions to optimize technology usage through understanding student engagement levels and effective teaching strategies, eventually enhancing student learning outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".