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Record W4410411738 · doi:10.5430/wjel.v15n7p93

Exploring EFL Teachers' Strategies in Employing AI Chatbots in Writing Instruction to Enhance Student Engagement

2025· article· en· W4410411738 on OpenAlex
Tommy Hastomo, Utami Widiati, Francisca Maria Ivone, Evynurul Laily Zen, Andianto Andianto

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueWorld Journal of English Language · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicAI in Service Interactions
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer scienceMathematics educationStudent engagementPsychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a powerful tool in English as a Foreign Language (EFL), offering significant prospects for improving language learning and teaching. Recently, the incorporation of chatbots, one of the advanced AI language models, in EFL writing has garnered interest. This study aims to investigate the use of AI chatbots in EFL writing instruction, driven by their potential to stimulate student engagement across affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement. The main objective was to evaluate student engagement levels with AI chatbots and assess EFL teachers' strategies for stimulating this engagement. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, the research involved 40 students and two faculty members, employing questionnaires and semi-structured interviews for data collection. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative insights were obtained through thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Findings indicate that AI chatbots significantly improve student engagement, evidenced by high affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement levels. The study identifies three effective strategies teachers use: personalized feedback, gamification, and interactive writing assignments. The research findings show the potential benefits of integrating AI chatbots into EFL writing instruction, facilitating informed decisions to optimize technology usage through understanding student engagement levels and effective teaching strategies, eventually enhancing student learning outcomes.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.263
Threshold uncertainty score0.584

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.003
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.346
Teacher spread0.317 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it