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Record W4410526388 · doi:10.18280/ijdne.200419

Recycled Plastics in Building Materials: Enhancing Sustainability and Economic Efficiency

2025· article· en· W4410526388 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Israa Kareem, Mohammed Alzuhairi, Fadhil A. Hashim, Ahmed Al-Ghaban

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicRecycling and Waste Management Techniques
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSustainabilityArchitectural engineeringEngineeringBusinessEcology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Plastic waste is a serious environmental issue that affects numerous industries, including the construction sector.The use of plastic waste in construction, when inefficiently managed, can have detrimental effects on both the economy and the environment.This underscores the importance of implementing long-term solutions for sustainable waste management and reduction.Plastic waste releases toxic substances into the environment, is non-biodegradable, and has long-term ecological consequences-all of which contribute to environmental pollution.From an economic perspective, poor waste management decreases opportunities for recycling and reuse, increases cleanup costs, and leads to inefficient resource utilization.This research is significant in that it seeks to identify innovative approaches for utilizing plastic waste currently disposed of in landfills.National and international monitoring of production, recycling, and landfill disposal rates provides insight into the current state of the global plastic waste crisis.The focus is on future waste management solutions, potential investment opportunities, and areas for research.New construction techniques for recycling waste plastics are being developed to enhance their value and ensure continuous usage in a closed-loop system.As a result, recycling plastic waste is considered one of the most effective ways to reduce environmentally harmful waste.In the context of building materials, the use of recycled plastics offers a promising alternative, addressing some limitations of conventional materials while reducing associated costs.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.350
Threshold uncertainty score0.308

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.259
Teacher spread0.255 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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