PSI-10 Effects of a methylation blend supplemented diet during gestation and lactation on skeletal muscle growth and molecular characteristics in piglets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We aimed to investigate the impact of a mixed diet supplemented with a blend of methyl group carrier, cofactors, long chain fatty acid transporter and plant polyphenols (methylation blend) during gestation and lactation of sows on muscle growth and molecular characteristics of their offspring. A total of 260 sows (parity 1-9) were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: Control (CON, n = 130) where sows received a common commercial diet, or a propriety methylation blend supplemented diet (MET, n = 130) during the entire gestation and lactation. A subset of piglets (one piglet per litter, 16 piglets per treatment) was chosen and euthanized at age of 1 to 5d for the collection of the Longissimus dorsi muscle for histological and molecular biology analyses. The data analyses were performed using linear mixed effect model through R environment with treatment as fixed and sow group, parity, and day of sampling as random effect. Histological analysis of the skeletal muscle in piglets showed no significant difference in muscle hyperplasia between groups. However, there was a tendency of greater muscle hypertrophy, as indicated by muscle fiber size, in the MET group (P = 0.09). The mRNA expression of the myogenic markers (MyoG, MyoD, and MRF4) was similar in the skeletal muscle of piglets from CON and MET group. Moreover, the mRNA expression of the receptor of insulin-like growth factor (IGF1R, and IGF2R), and the inhibitor of muscle differentiation and growth (MSTN) did not differ between groups. Regarding the protein abundance of the markers of fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (PDGFRα) and the marker of preadipocyte (DLK1), no differences between treatments were observed in the skeletal muscle of piglets. However, protein abundance of PAX7, a satellite cell marker, tended to be lower (P = 0.058) in the skeletal muscle of MET piglets. Skeletal muscle DNA methylation tended (P = 0.061) to be higher in MET-piglets indicating potential changes in gene transcription. Indeed, RNA-seq data showed a total of 20 differentially expressed genes (P < 0.10 and a Fold Change >|1.5|). In general, the enriched biological processes of the DE genes are related to ribosome assembly, Golgi to endosome transport, plasma membrane to endosome transport, regulation of RNA polymerase II, and chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding. In conclusion, supplementing sows with a proprietary methylation blend during gestation and lactation positively regulated offspring muscle hypertrophy, and induced DNA hypermethylation, potentially altering the mRNA transcriptional process, and affecting the overall protein synthesis and functionality, particularly through the protein folding process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".