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Record W4410578004 · doi:10.1177/21533687251341272

Innovative Community Policing Models in Response to Discrimination of Racialized Youth Who Use Drugs

2025· article· en· W4410578004 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Marion Selfridge, Nathan J. Lachowsky

Bibliographic record

VenueRace and Justice · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCrime Patterns and Interventions
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Victoria
FundersBureau of Justice AssistanceLaw Foundation of British ColumbiaUniversity of Cincinnati
KeywordsCriminologySociologyRacial profilingRace (biology)Gender studies

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Tense relations between police and racialized youth, especially those who use drugs, are ongoing concerns in Canada and other countries, with greater incidents of racial profiling and discrimination resulting in reduced trust and police legitimacy. While there have been calls for various forms of defunding police, some youth who use drugs (YWUDs) have highlighted the need for police to have stronger connections with the community to create better relationships between YWUD and police. The concept of “community policing” may be a viable and promising approach to reimagining law enforcement. A rapid review of grey and peer-reviewed literature was used to highlight promising community policing models, and identify gaps, strengths, and approaches to promote positive relations between police and racialized YWUD. We found that very few programs offered comprehensive, culturally safe training curriculums or initiatives that involve consultation or co-development with community members themselves. Furthermore, few program models are empirically supported by evidence-based outcomes and were largely based on anecdotal evidence. These findings may inform future practice with recommendations for enhanced law enforcement training in trauma-informed harm reduction, youth psychosocial development, prosocial communication and crisis de-escalation techniques, reconciliation, and cultural safety.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.007
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.013
Threshold uncertainty score0.028

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.007
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0040.002
Scholarly communication0.0030.002
Open science0.0020.004
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.096
GPT teacher head0.417
Teacher spread0.321 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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