Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke After a First Episode of Acute Pancreatitis: A Self-controlled Case Series Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Acute pancreatitis induces systemic inflammation and promotes a prothrombotic environment, which may increase the risk of cardiovascular events. However, the temporal relationship between acute pancreatitis and subsequent cardiovascular events remains unexplored. We aimed to examine whether the risk of acute myocardial infarction and stroke is increased following an episode of acute pancreatitis. METHODS: We conducted a Danish Nationwide population-based cohort study, including all incident cases of acute pancreatitis (≥18 years) from 2002 to 2017. The primary outcome was acute myocardial infarction or stroke. Using a self-controlled case series design, we compared the incidence of myocardial infarction or stroke during a risk interval (90 days following acute pancreatitis discharge) with two control intervals (365 days before and 91-365 days after the acute pancreatitis episode). RESULTS: Among 33,124 patients with incident acute pancreatitis, 366 cases of myocardial infarction and 624 cases of stroke were identified within one year of the acute pancreatitis episode. The incidence rate ratios (IRR) for myocardial infarction during the 90-day risk interval was 1.87 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42-2.47), with the highest risk observed during the first 10 days (IRR, 4.08; 95% CI, 2.58-6.44), followed by a gradual decline. The IRR for stroke during the risk interval was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.74-2.58), peaking in the first 10 days (IRR, 3.40; 95% CI, 2.33-4.96) and gradually declining. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals a temporary increase in the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after hospitalization for a first episode of acute pancreatitis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".