Structural Assessment of Glued-Laminated Timber Columns Subjected to Real Fires
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis investigates the performance and post-fire structural integrity of glued-laminated (glulam) columns when exposed to real fires. The primary objective of the Mass Timber Demonstration Fire Test Program (MTDFTP) in Ottawa was to conduct large-scale fire tests to explore construction fire safety, fire behavior in open office spaces and residential areas, and the impact of exposed mass timber elements on fire intensity and duration. Detailed visual inspections and axial compression testing of the MTDFTP columns indicated differences between actual charring rates and rates predicted by CSA O86 (2019), and Eurocode 5 (2004). Uneven charring and adhesive degradation were significant factors affecting post-fire performance. Despite extensive charring, the columns retained much of their structural integrity, supporting potential repairs over replacement. This research gives an insight into the charring behaviour of glulam columns and recommends updates to fire safety standards, enhancing fire resistance and safety of timber structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".