<i>FpCBS</i> Affects a Diverse Range of Functions of <i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> Impacting Its Virulence to Wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT A cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) gene, FpCBS , of the wheat crown rot pathogen, Fusarium pseudograminearum , was identified. FpCBS was highly expressed during conidiation and the early phases of infection. Compared to the wild‐type and FpCBS complemented strains, the FpCBS deletion strain had a similar hyphal morphology and growth rate but reduced conidiation. In culture, the FpCBS deletion strain showed broad‐scale changes with a decrease in H 2 S levels, changes in sulphur‐containing amino acids and 1207 differentially expressed proteins. The deletion strain also showed reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) production, cellophane penetration ability, antioxidant capacity, as well as increased hyphal iron levels, sensitivity to H 2 O 2 and lipid peroxidation. During infection, the Δ Fpcbs strain showed diminished virulence to wheat with fewer penetration structures, and there was a stronger host defence response with wheat epidermal cells having thickened walls and greater reactive oxygen species accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis of infected leaves showed 1954 differentially expressed genes in the FpCBS deletion strain compared to the wild‐type strain. This included genes for sulphur metabolism, antioxidative defence, plant cell wall‐degrading enzymes and trichothecene production. FpCBS not only plays a pivotal role in sulphur metabolism and H 2 S production, but it is also important for a broad range of fungal functions, including iron homoeostasis, mycotoxin production and development (conidiation and penetration structures). These factors may all contribute to varying extents to the significant decrease in virulence of the FpCBS deletion strain. The findings have shown that FpCBS is important for much more than sulphur metabolism and H 2 S synthesis. However, its role in virulence highlights its potential as a novel target for developing strategies to control wheat crown rot.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".