GALECTINS-1,3 AND 9 IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: ARE THERE ANY LINKS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY OR IRREVERSIBLE ORGAN DAMAGE?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PV031 / #294 Poster Topic: AS04 - Biomarkers Background/Purpose To compare serum concentrations of galectins -1, 3 and 9 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy women, and to identify the relationship of these biomarkers with disease activity and damage index. Methods Seventy-nine women with SLE (according to the criteria of SLICC/ACR 2012) were included in the study. The median age was 32 [26;40] years, the median disease duration was 24 [1;144] months. High SLE activity (SLEDAI-2K>10) was recorded in 18 (22.8%), moderate (SLEDAI-2K= 5-10) – in 34 (43.0%), low activity or remission (SLEDAI-2K = 0-4) – in 27 (34.2%) patients. The SLICC damage index ranged from 0 to 6 (median [IQR] = 0 [0-1]). Glucocorticoids (GC) were received by 62 (78.5%) with median daily dose of prednisone 10 [5-20] mg, hydroxychloroquine – 60 (75.9%), immunosuppressants – 24 (30.4%) (cyclophosphamide – 2 (2.5%), mycophenolate mofetil – 16 (20.3%), azathioprine – 3 (3.8%), methotrexate – 3 (3.8%)), biological agents – 7 (8.9%) (rituximab – 5 (6.3%), belimumab – 2 (2.5%)), immunoglobulin – 3 (3.8%) patients. The control group included 21 women without immune-inflammatory rheumatic diseases, matched by age with patients with SLE. Serum concentrations of galectins-1,3,9 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Cloud-Clone Corp., China). Results Galectins-1,3 and 9 levels in SLE and in the control group are shown in Table 1. The use of GC, hydroxychloroquine, immunosuppressants and biological agents did not affect galectins levels. In SLE, galectin-1 correlated with SLEDAI-2K (r = 0.24, p = 0.033), hemoglobin (r = -0,23, p = 0,039), platelet count (r = -0,22, p =0,049), anti-Sm (r = 0,3, p = 0,007). Galectin-3 correlated with damage index (r = 0,29, p = 0,03), C-reactive protein (r = 0,37, p = 0,0046). Galectin-9 correlated with hemoglobin (r = -0,24, p = 0,034), anti-dsDNA (r = 0,31, p = 0,006). Clinical manifestations that occurred in the SLE group with a frequency of >10% were increased a-ds-DNA – in 54 (68.4%) patients, hypocomplementemia – in 52 (65.8%), rash - 34 (43.0%), arthritis – in 32 (40.5%), alopecia – in 24 (30.4%), nephritis – in 20 (25.3%), serositis – in 14 (17.7%). Galectin-1 levels were higher in patients with pleuritis or pericarditis than without serositis (2.5 [0.98-6.65] ng/ml vs 1.27 [0.91-1.67] ng/ml, p = 0,048). Similar results were obtained also for galectin-3 (1.63 [0.41-2,38] ng/ml vs 1.07 [0.87-1,33] ng/ml, p = 0,003). There were no differences in galectins levels for other common manifestations of SLE. Table 1. Galectins-1,3 and 9 levels in SLE and in the control group Conclusions SLE patients had higher serum galectin-1 levels and a trend toward elevated galectin-3 levels, while galectin-9 concentrations were similar to healthy women. Galectin-1 levels were linearly related to disease activity, and galectin-9 levels were linearly related to irreversible organ damage, although the associations were weak. Of the most common clinical manifestations of SLE, only serositis was associated with an increase in galectins-1 and 3. Both galectin-1 and galectin-9 were also correlated with some hematological and immunological parameters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".