Ethanol Electrolysis at Carbon-Supported PtRh Alloy Nanoparticles in a Proton Exchange Membrane Cell
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in proton exchange membrane (PEM) cells can provide sustainable energy technology through the production of hydrogen by ethanol electrolysis at lower cell potentials relative to water electrolysis. However, there are no catalysts available for the complete oxidation of ethanol to carbon dioxide, which is required for 100% hydrogen production selectivity. The addition of Rh to Pt-based catalysts promotes the complete oxidation of ethanol, although the role of Rh is unclear. Here, PtRh alloy catalysts are shown to provide higher activities than Pt and higher selectivity for the complete oxidation of ethanol in a PEM electrolysis cell at 80 °C. A Pt 3.0 Rh catalyst provided a faradaic yield of 79% for CO 2 formation, while yields at Pt and Rh catalysts were 66% and 52%, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the increased performances of the PtRh catalysts were due predominantly to the effect of lattice compression (strain) on the active Pt sites. Increasing the Pt content of the alloy increased the peak current for ethanol oxidation by increasing the fraction of surface Pt sites and enhanced CO 2 production, while the decreasing strain increased half-wave and peak potentials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".