Description of a new <i>Klossia</i> species (Apicomplexa; Adeleorina; Adeleidae) in Canada from an introduced European land snail (<i>Trochulus hispidus</i>), with a discussion on the taxonomy of the family Adeleidae Mesnil, 1903
Bibliographic record
Abstract
European native land snails, Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758), were collected from Brighton, Ontario, Canada, over a 20-month period beginning in April 2020. Polysporocystic oocysts consistent with Klossia spp. (Apicomplexa: Adeleidae) were observed in macerated snail kidney tissues by light microscopy. Sporulated oocysts measured 103 ± 5.8 µm × 99 ± 7.4 µm with indistinct or absent oocyst residuum; oocysts contained more than 125 tetrazoic sporocysts. Sporocysts measured 12 ± 0.66 µm × 11 ± 0.76 µm with a centrally placed sporocyst residuum and a few irregularly dispersed granules. DNA was extracted from all kidney tissues and prevalence of the Klossia-infection determined by Klossia-specific PCR was 46% (19 of 41). Nuclear 18S rDNA (1800 bp) and complete mitochondrial genome (6757 bp) sequences differed sufficiently from available Klossia spp. sequences to justify description of a new Klossia species, Klossia vaderbriani n. sp. Phylogenetic analysis using combined nuclear (18S rDNA) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I—COI) sequences strongly support the monophyly of the genus Klossia but not of the family Adeleidae to which these parasites belong. These observations and a detailed literature review supported a wider discussion on the taxonomy of the genera in the family Adeleidae.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".