Towards a general theory of accelerating foils in the attached-flow regime
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Closed-form expressions for aerodynamic force on an accelerating aerofoil were presented in the 1930s, relating instantaneous force to geometric and kinematic parameters under the following assumptions: a thin aerofoil, small-amplitude motions, planar wake development, and a flow that is inviscid, incompressible and two-dimensional. The present work is a step towards analogous closed-form expressions for large-amplitude motions of thick foils when the flow remains attached and boundary-layer thickness approaches (but does not equal) zero. A mathematical framework is derived from vortical flow theory to highlight the finite degrees of freedom that must be solved or predicted in order to yield a predictive aerodynamic model under the stated conditions. The special case of periodic motion is further considered, and an equation is derived to calculate mean forces from known or assumed time histories of circulation, vorticity-weighted mean wake convection velocity and trailing-edge velocity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".