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Record W4410763147 · doi:10.1370/afm.250234

Broadening Inclusion of Primary Care: Trainee Insights and Commentary on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

2025· article· en· W4410763147 on OpenAlexaff
K. Taylor Bosworth, Meghan Gilfoyle, Kimberley Norman, Ashley Chisholm, Ione Locher, Naod F. Belay, Bryce A. Ringwald, Chloe Warpinski, Geetika Gupta, Minika Ohioma, MaCee Boyle

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Annals of Family Medicine · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldHealth Professions
TopicPrimary Care and Health Outcomes
Canadian institutionsUniversity of OttawaWomen's College Hospital
FundersNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
KeywordsInclusion (mineral)Equity (law)Diversity (politics)Primary carePsychologySociologyPolitical scienceMedicineSocial psychologyFamily medicineAnthropologyLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

We, as the current and immediate-past NAPCRG Trainee Committee, share our perspectives as an international and diverse group of primary care research trainees. In this essay, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for achieving a more diverse, equitable, and inclusive primary care workforce by reflecting on 2 main challenges: (1) insufficient support for underrepresented identities in medicine, and (2) inadequate integration within existing primary care teams. Within each of these challenges, we pose potential opportunities for improvement using a trainee lens.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.074
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.244
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Commentary · Consensus signal: Commentary
Teacher disagreement score0.074
Threshold uncertainty score0.392

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0740.244
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.002
Bibliometrics0.0020.003
Science and technology studies0.0210.034
Scholarly communication0.0130.021
Open science0.0090.014
Research integrity0.0350.084
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.252
GPT teacher head0.492
Teacher spread0.240 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreCommentary

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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