The Evolution of Ambush Marketing Laws
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This chapter traces how measures evolve to combat ambush marketing, beginning with symbol protection under conventions and national laws granting exclusive, distinctive rights to Olympic insignia. It examines twenty-first-century anti-ambush laws, spotlighting those for the Sydney 2000 Games, South Africa’s 2003 World Cup and events across Europe, Australia and New Zealand. The chapter reviews constitutional challenges in Portugal, Canada, Germany and South Africa and assesses effectiveness via studies that show deterrent impact and uncertainties for sponsors. It analyses policy debates by International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property (AIPPI) and International Trademark Association (INTA), recommending balanced, time-limited sui generis rights, consultation, clear definitions, proportional remedies and respect for existing rights to ensure fair competition. Finally, the chapter addresses ambush marketing ethics, observing that it remains lawful yet tests moral perceptions, prompting organisers to rely on persuasion instead of legislation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it