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Record W4410788065 · doi:10.1108/ijebr-07-2023-0744

Sticky ties among rivals for entrepreneurial leadership

2025· article· en· W4410788065 on OpenAlexaff
Alex Stewart, David Krackhardt

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicManagement and Organizational Studies
Canadian institutionsMemorial University of Newfoundland
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRivalryEntrepreneurshipOriginalityAutocracyInterpersonal tiesSociologyValue (mathematics)Context (archaeology)Social network analysisEthnographySocial entrepreneurshipPublic relationsSocial psychologyCreativityPsychologyPositive economicsMarketingSocial capitalEconomicsMicroeconomicsBusinessPolitical scienceSocial scienceLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Purpose We explore the social structure of an autocratic, entrepreneurial organization, with a focus on the enduring rivalry between its formal leader and a key employee. Design/methodology/approach This is a re-study of Team Entrepreneurship (Stewart, 1989), with different eyes and methods, using ethnographic data for social network analysis (SNA). Findings With an analysis of structural equivalence, multiplexity, Simmelian triples and intermediation, this study shows how apparently conflicting social networks—collective entrepreneurship, antagonism and analytical management—can co-exist and that the main rivalrous tie is persistent or “sticky”. Research limitations/implications Due to deep fieldwork access and a site of managerial rivalry, the findings would have damaged careers, without a wait of many years to make the findings public. The specific context also limits external validity. The strengths of this paper are methodological and conceptual. Originality/value This is a rare observational study of entrepreneurial leadership and a rare study in an organization that uses ethnographic data as inputs for SNA matrixes. It shows important distinctions between inferences from observations compared with SNA.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.024
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.021

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.024
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0030.002
Scholarly communication0.0040.002
Open science0.0010.003
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.103
GPT teacher head0.363
Teacher spread0.259 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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