Bibliographic record
Abstract
A bstract We describe and study a holographic construction of big-bang / big-crunch cosmological spacetimes where the matter consists of a lattice of black holes. The cosmological spacetime is dual to an entangled state of a collection of holographic CFTs associated with the second asymptotic regions of the black holes. For a cosmology with spatial slice geometry Σ, this state is constructed via a Euclidean path integral for the CFT on a geometry obtained by connecting two copies of Σ by a lattice of tubes. In three-dimensional gravity, we describe the cosmological solutions and the associated Euclidean saddles explicitly. For the case of (globally) flat cosmology, we determine when the Euclidean solution associated with the cosmology provides the dominant saddle compared to other natural candidates that preserve the symmetries of the boundary space. We find that the cosmological saddle dominates when the black holes are sufficiently large and close together. Our cosmology has a mixed state version where the physics behind the black hole horizons is unspecified and the Euclidean construction involves a pair of CFTs with an ensemble of operator insertions correlated between the two CFTs. Various purifications (adding second asymptotic regions for the black holes) correspond to various ways to promote this ensemble to an interaction by adding auxiliary degrees of freedom that couple the two CFTs in the Euclidean picture. These auxiliary degrees of freedom provide a Hilbert space for the cosmology in the Lorentzian picture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".