Morphogenetic Effects of Long-Term Selection of American Mink (Neogale vison Schreber, 1777) Strains on Characters of Defensive Behavior: Intra- and Interspecific Aspects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Since the time of Charles Darwin, the study of the mechanisms of domestication of animals as a model of rapid evolutionary transformations has been of general biological importance. Methods of geometric morphometrics (GM) make it possible to assess the morphogenetic changes that occur during domestication. Using the experimental strains of American mink Neogale vison, selected for aggressive and tame behavior, significant differences in the centroid size (CS) and shape of the mandible were established between them. Cage nonselected and wild Canadian minks were used as controls. Selection has led to an increase in the CS of mandibles in aggressive and their decrease in tame minks. The greatest differences in the shape of mandibles were manifested between the aggressive and tame strains. The destabilization of mandible development, indirectly estimated by the volume of within-group morphospace (Vm) along the first canonical axes, turned out to be the most pronounced in males and females of the tame mink strain, which is directly consistent with the theory of destabilizing selection by D.K. Belyaev. After 16–17 generations of mink selection for aggressive and tame behavior, morphogenetic effects were found, expressed in the divergence of the shape of their mandible, accompanied by destabilization of development, and reflecting the high rate of experimental domestication. The differentiation of the aggressive and tame minks by the shape of the mandibles exceeds the level of sexual differences and is comparable to the degree of morphological divergence between caged and wild Canadian individuals. It is accompanied by morphological hiatus and is formally close to the subspecific rank of intraspecific morphological differences compared with the morphological divergence of the American mink from another species—the Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica. The morphogenetic effects of American mink selection by behavior demonstrate the high adaptive and evolutionary potentials of this invasive species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".