Asymmetrical response of NbO<sub>2</sub>-based neuristor for three-dimensional sound localization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Neuristors show promise in replicating human-brain neuronal functions, yet their application to sensory neurons, especially for mimicking complex auditory behaviors like sound localization, remains challenging. This study uncovers an asymmetrical response in the output signals of NbO 2 -based neuristor: positive current inputs induce periodic oscillations, while negative inputs of equal magnitude trigger bursting spikes. A dual-input system with interaural time differences is presented for sound localization. The output waveform’s oscillation-bursting sequence indicates the sound source’s position on the left/right of the ear. Moreover, the oscillation’s amplitude and frequency can reveal the sound-source distance, and the number of bursting spikes determines the azimuth. Based on these findings, we propose a four-ear input neuronal circuit using two neuristor models for rapid and accurate two-dimensional spatial localization. For three-dimensional (3D) localization, a six-ear input model enables high-precision localization through octant determination, azimuth calculation, and frequency-based distance measurement. This research holds great potential for advancements in sound localization, 3D speed measurement, and voiceprint-based sound identification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".