Acute carotid artery occlusion caused by tumor emboli: Case report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction. Tumor embolism is a recognized but uncommon cause of cancer-related stroke. Unlike systemic emboli from left atrial myxomas, tumor emboli large enough to cause symptomatic cerebral ischemia are rare. Lung carcinoma may lead to embolization through spontaneous vascular invasion or secondary to surgical manipulation, with the latter being more frequent. Case Report. We present a 60-year-old woman with a history of lung adenocarcinoma but no active metastatic disease, who was admitted to our Clinic with acute right middle cerebral artery syndrome. On admission, a head computed tomography scan showed an Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography score of 8 in the right hemisphere. A computed tomography angiogram of the head and neck revealed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery, prompting administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. The following day, a routine carotid ultrasound detected an atypical heterogeneous mass on the posterior wall of the right internal carotid artery, suggestive of a metastatic embolus with distal occlusion. Further evaluation with a contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography confirmed regional metastatic dissemination, showing adenocarcinoma progression to the superior mediastinum with satellite metastatic lesions. Conclusion. This case highlights spontaneous internal carotid artery occlusion due to tumor embolus spreading from lung cancer, leading to ischemic stroke. Our findings suggest that carotid ultrasound may be superior to computed tomography angiography in identifying tumor emboli, which could influence therapeutic decision-making in similar cases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".