Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew that has been used by the Indigenous people of the Amazonian Basin for centuries. Ayahuasca is made with the stems of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine and the leaves of the Psychotria viridis shrub or leaves of the Diplopterys cabrerana. When consumed together, the monoamine oxidase inhibitors in B. caapi render N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from P. viridis orally active by preventing its deamination, creating powerful psychedelic effects. Ayahuasca has religious and cultural significance in Brazil, where it is consumed as a religious sacrament. The Peruvian government recognizes the ritual use of ayahuasca practiced by the Indigenous Amazonian communities. Ayahuasca has therapeutic potential for depression, anxiety, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, grief, and eating disorders, which are relevant in a palliative care practice. Ayahuasca carries a higher risk of drug interaction than other psychedelics. Side effects range from nausea/vomiting to, in rare cases, chronic long-acting effects on the vascular system. There is varied global consensus about the legality of ayahuasca. Although natural products containing DMT are not subject to control under the 1971 Convention on Psychoactive Substances, DMT is considered a Schedule I controlled substance. Ayahuasca and DMT have been banned throughout Europe and the United States. However, Switzerland, Brazil, Canada, and the United States have granted religious use exemptions, and ayahuasca and DMT have been decriminalized in numerous cities throughout the United States. When considering an ayahuasca ceremony, ethical and cultural guidelines should be adhered to in order to prevent appropriation and exploitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.106 | 0.043 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".