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Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decay Modes <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:msup><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi><mml:mo>±</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mo>ℓ</mml:mo><mml:mo>∓</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> with Hadronic <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:math> Tagging at Belle and Belle II
K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, Н. Акопов, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, S. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, Jürgen Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. E. Bolz, A. Boschetti, A. Bożek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, E. De La Cruz–Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, X. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, P. Gironella Gironell, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, I. Haide, Y. Han, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, R. HOPPE, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, D. Jacobi, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, M. Kaleta, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, J.-Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, D. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, K. Lalwani, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, T. S. Lau, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leo, P. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, Q. M. Li, W. Z. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, Y. P. Liao, J. Libby, J. Lin, S. Lin, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Zhiqing Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Yue Ma, C. Madaan, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, S. Marcello, C. Mariñas, C. Martellini, A. Martens, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, M. Maushart, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, D. Meleshko, M. Merola, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, G. B. Mohanty, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, F. Otani, G. Pakhlova, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, K. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, T. K. Pedlar, I. M. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, I. Prudiiev, H. Purwar, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, K. Ravindran, J. U. Rehman, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, D. Ricalde Herrmann, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Röhrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Šantelj, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, S. Schneider, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, W. M. Song, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, J. Strube, Y. Sue, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, N. Suwonjandee, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, J. Wiechczynski, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. B. Yan, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, Boyang Zhang, J. S. Zhou, Q. Zhou, L. Zhu, V. Zhukova, R. Žlebčík
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical Review Letters · 2025
Typearticle
Languagelv
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersH2020 European Research CouncilAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronAustralian Research CouncilSeventh Framework ProgrammeKorea Research Environment Open NetworkNational Science and Technology CouncilPacific Northwest National LaboratoryIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareMinistry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian FederationKorea Institute of Science and TechnologyMinistry of Culture and SportHORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie ActionsNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseIkerbasque, Basque Foundation for ScienceNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaIsrael Science FoundationMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Research Foundation of KoreaAgence Nationale de la RechercheKing Saud UniversityNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungAustrian Science FundGrantová Agentura České RepublikyNational Research FoundationJavna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungAlexander von Humboldt-StiftungKorea Institute of Science and Technology InformationAkademi Sains MalaysiaMinistry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Atomic Energy, Government of IndiaHealth and Safety ExecutiveBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMax-Planck-GesellschaftNational Research Foundation of UkraineInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaGeneralitat ValencianaUnited States-Israel Binational Science FoundationHelmholtz-GemeinschaftThailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsUniverzita Karlova v PrazeMinistry of Education and Science of UkraineVietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyNatural Science Foundation of Shandong ProvinceCompute CanadaUniversity of TabukNational Science FoundationCanarieTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma KurumuGrantová Agentura, Univerzita KarlovaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PadovaEuropean CommissionU.S. Department of Energy
KeywordsLeptonPhysicsComputer scienceQuantum mechanics
Abstract
We present the first search for the lepton-flavor-violating decay modes B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓} (ℓ=μ,e) using the 711 and 365 fb^{-1} data samples recorded by the Belle and Belle II detectors, respectively. We use a hadronic B-tagging technique to fully reconstruct a B meson and search for signal decays in the system recoiling against the tagged meson, considering τ decays to either light leptons, one charged hadron, or one charged hadron and a neutral pion. We find no evidence for B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓} decays and set 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions in the range of [0.8,3.6]×10^{-5}.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.055
Threshold uncertainty score0.183
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.055 | 0.012 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.017
GPT teacher head0.259
Teacher spread0.243 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes