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Record W4410882558 · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2025.103409

Ethical and legal challenges with IoT in home digital twins

2025· review· en· W4410882558 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueMethodsX · 2025
Typereview
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicIoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Canadian institutionsArtificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsInternet of ThingsEngineering ethicsEthical issuesComputer scienceInternet privacyPsychologyData scienceEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Home Digital Twins represent a transformative application of IoT in the home environment, turning conventional living spaces into intelligent ecosystems. This paper explores the ethical and legal challenges associated with these technologies, focusing on critical issues such as privacy, data security, and accountability. The study integrates real-world case studies of privacy controversies and cybersecurity breaches to illustrate potential vulnerabilities in IoT-enabled systems. Furthermore, it examines the complexities of regulatory compliance, including cross-border data flows and liability concerns in the event of system failures, with a focus on frameworks such as GDPR, CCPA, and India's Digital Personal Data Protection Bill. The methodology includes an in-depth analysis of existing legal frameworks, industry best practices, and technical mitigation strategies to propose actionable guidelines for addressing these challenges. Key findings emphasize the necessity of robust legal frameworks, user-centered design principles, and transparent data practices to foster trust and security in IoT systems. By advocating for a balance between technological innovation and ethical accountability, this paper highlights opportunities for sustainable and responsible IoT development that upholds user rights and societal values.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.990
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.097
GPT teacher head0.389
Teacher spread0.293 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it