Discovery of a novel genogroup feline calicivirus through molecular evolution in group-housed cats in China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious pathogen that causes upper respiratory tract disease (URTD), with a higher prevalence in group-housed cats compared to those raised individually. In this study, 15 FCV strains were isolated from group-housed cats exhibiting URTD symptoms in Changzhou, China, in 2024. Phylogenetic analysis based on the VP1 sequences revealed that 13 of 15 strains clustered within genogroup I (G I), while none belonged to genogroup II (G II). Notably, the remaining two strains grouped with several recently published Chinese isolates, forming an independent branch distinct from both G I and G II, proposed as genogroup III (G III). The VP1 proteins of the 13 G I strains exhibited specific residues 377N, 539A, and 557G, consistent with the established G I-specific markers (377N/S, 539A/P, and 557G). In contrast, G II strains typically retain 377 K, 539 V, and 557S. Interestingly, the G III strains displayed 377N, 539A (specific to G I) and 557S (specific to G II). Recombinant analysis found that co-circulating G I and G III resulted in a recombinant strain. Furthermore, neutralization tests demonstrated poor cross-neutralization between G I and G III strains. This study provides valuable insights for the development of effective vaccination strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".