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Record W4410902628 · doi:10.33621/jdsr.v7i154877

Using Buddhist skillful means

2025· article· en· W4410902628 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Digital Social Research · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicIndian and Buddhist Studies
Canadian institutionsUniversité du Québec à Montréal
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBuddhismComputer scienceHistoryArchaeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This study addresses the growing call from scholars, such as Heidi Campbell, for a deeper reflection of methodological approaches to digital ethnography within various religious traditions and communities. In this article, I examine how I utilize a collection of “skillful means” informed by Buddhism, namely a mixed set of digital research methods encompassing reflexive choices and decisions, positioning, and creativities. This set of tools is situationally tailored for and derived from interacting with Chinese Buddhist diasporas in French Canada in the context of digital social media throughout my digital fieldwork. I use ethnographic vignettes to illustrate how these practices, afforded by the Buddhist ideas, digital possibilities, and ethnographic reflexivity, are crucial to constantly navigate, negotiate, and devise new strategies for exploring diverse networked digital field sites through interconnectivity, fluidity, immediacy and disruption and conducting multi-modal participant observation. By presenting the complexity and intricacy of the insider-outsider conundrum, I highlight key digital features of social media platforms such as WeChat, which can be strategically leveraged by a Buddhist researcher and practitioner to actively shape and present their digital image and voice within the communities they studies. I further reflect on how these dynamics can uniquely influence both the individuals and the communities being researched. Finally, I address the caveats and potential pitfalls this approach could potentially bring about.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.832
Threshold uncertainty score0.872

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.275
GPT teacher head0.441
Teacher spread0.167 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it