Innovative Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene for Enhanced Manufacturing of Lower-Limb Prosthetic Sockets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polypropylene prosthetic sockets are widely used in developing nations due to their low cost and ease of manufacture, encouraged by the ICRC.However, mechanical deterioration and creep reduce these sockets' performance.In this work, innovative polypropylene composites reinforced with chopped carbon fibers (5%-20%) are made using enhanced mixing and extrusion.The 15% carbon fiber composite proved superior to typical polypropylene in tensile testing, with an ultimate tensile strength of 67.3 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 2451 MPa.Numerical analysis showed better safety and deformation resistance.The safety factor increased by 139%, from 1.9 to 4.55, demonstrating the reinforced socket's superior longevity and load-bearing capabilities.Finally, adding 15% chopped carbon fibers to polypropylene makes prosthetic sockets cost-effective and high-performance, making them excellent for resource-limited environments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".