Developing elite lines with synchronous emergence rate and strong seedling vigor for sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) cultivation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sand rice ( Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq.), an annual herbaceous species of Amaranthaceae, is a potential and climate-resilient crop. Its bet-hedging strategy in seed germination and/or seedling emergence offers survival advantages in unpredictable desert environments but poses significant challenges to its domestication and cultivation in northern China. Utilizing seeds from various sources, including natural population/wild type (Nat/WT), mutant population (the trichomeless mutant ( astcl1 ) and spontaneous mutant, Mut), F 2 mapping population of astcl1 mutant (F 2 ), and two ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutant libraries derived from pre-selected lines selected from the Duolunnan and Naiman populations (DLN_Mut and NM_Mut), this study aimed to identify elite lines displaying synchronous seedling emergence and strong seedling vigor. Results showed that EMS mutagenesis substantially increased the variability in seed size, seedling emergence, and vigor, with seed size positively influencing the rate and percentage of seedling emergence. Seven lines were identified with synchronous emergence rates, while 54 lines exhibited strong seedling vigor. Notably, all seven lines with synchronous emergence and 43 of the 54 lines with strong vigor were from the NM_Mut group. Furthermore, two elite lines with both characteristics were derived from the NM_Mut group. Our findings indicate that chemical mutagenesis effectively reduces the undesirable herbaceous characteristics while improving key agronomic traits. This confirms that mutagenesis breeding is feasible for de novo domestication of sand rice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".