Serological evidence of African pygmy hedgehog adenovirus 1 in exotic companion animals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
African pygmy hedgehog adenovirus 1 (AhAdV-1) was first identified in 2020 from a colony of African pygmy hedgehogs that succumbed to severe bronchopneumonia in Japan. AhAdV-1 is closely related to Skunk adenovirus 1, which was isolated from a wild skunk with acute hepatitis and pneumonia in Canada in 2015. Similar viruses have been isolated or detected in a diverse range of animals across multiple countries. While adenoviruses are generally considered highly species-specific, the host range of AhAdV-1 remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential host range of AhAdV-1 through serological surveillance among 17 exotic animal species that visited a veterinary hospital in Fukuoka, Japan. Neutralizing antibodies against AhAdV-1 were detected in several species, with particularly high seroprevalence observed in meerkats (41%), ferrets (62%), and African pygmy hedgehogs (63%). Notably, ferrets and hedgehogs with a history of respiratory symptoms exhibited significantly higher seroprevalence compared to asymptomatic individuals. These findings suggest a broad host range for AhAdV-1, with certain species showing high exposure rates. Further investigations are needed to determine the sources and transmission routes of AhAdV-1, as well as its potential for zoonotic infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".