Temperature effect on the undrained strength and stress–strain responses of saturated silt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the undrained strength and stress–strain response of saturated silt using a temperature-controlled triaxial apparatus. A series of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were performed on saturated silt. Prior to shearing, the normally consolidated specimens were heated or subjected to a heating–cooling cycle in a temperature range of 20–60 °C. The undrained stress–strain and excess pore pressure responses at various consolidation pressures and temperatures are analyzed. The effects of heating and heating–cooling cycle on undrained strength are emphasized. The temperature effect on the phase transformation behavior and critical state is revealed. The results show that (1) the Nanjing silt presents an obvious phase transformation behavior, which is affected by temperature. A unique critical state line at various temperatures can be observed; (2) the undrained strength is increased by heating and heating–cooling cycle. The normal consolidated silt exhibits dilation behavior and hardening stress–strain response; (3) the pore pressure is accumulated by an undrained heating–cooling cycle, and it nonlinear increases with temperature; (4) the change of normalized undrained strength relies on the overconsolidation ratio (OCR) and temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".