Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 is associated with hemoconcentration and endothelial activation in children and young adults with dengue virus infection in the Philippines
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1) is a cell-surface receptor expressed on neutrophils that amplifies the inflammatory response. Dengue virus (DENV) infection is characterized by systemic inflammation, endothelial activation, and vascular leakage. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We investigated circulating soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) levels in 244 children and young adults aged 1-26 years with dengue fever presenting to an outpatient clinic in the Philippines. Elevated sTREM-1 (≥130 pg/mL) was associated with hemoconcentration, a hallmark of vascular leakage (odds ratio (OR) 3.8, 95%CI 1.6-10, p = 0.0020). In turn, hemoconcentration was associated with hospitalization (OR 4.2, 95%CI 1.0-38, p = 0.0497) and higher volume of intravenous fluid required for resuscitation (p = 0.019). Elevated inflammation marker TNF (≥5 pg/mL) was associated with increased sTREM-1 levels (p = 0.0014). Endothelial activation markers angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) were correlated with sTREM-1 levels (p < 0.0001 for all three comparisons). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that sTREM-1 may be a clinically informative marker of neutrophil activation, associated with hemoconcentration, systemic inflammation, and endothelial activation and in dengue fever.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it