Glutathione peroxidase activity in Alzheimer's disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BackgroundOxidative stress can trigger and even aggravate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) can regulate oxidative stress by controlling the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the GPX activity in patients with AD through a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, data were retrieved from four electronic databases, including those containing cohort and case-control studies, published up to December 2024. Statistical analyses were conducted using RevMan, and risk of bias was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsA total of 1999 scientific papers were collected, and 30 papers were included in this systematic review; 20 were included in the meta-analysis. GPX activity was measured in different tissues, such as erythrocytes, plasma, and postmortem brain. The analyses showed that erythrocytes and plasma GPX activity in most studies were inhibited in AD patients compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsThe analyses showed that GPX activity was decreased in AD patients compared to healthy controls in most of the included studies. More detailed research is needed to better assess the effects of GPX activity on AD-associated cognitive impairment and oxidative stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.014 | 0.023 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".