Ceramides in cardiovascular disease: emerging role as independent risk predictors and novel therapeutic targets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ceramides are bioactive lipid mediators involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This narrative review provides a concise overview of the emerging role of ceramides in cardiovascular disease with an emphasis on atherosclerotic vascular disease and heart failure, suggesting the potential use of ceramides in risk stratification and as putative therapeutic targets. Recent developments based on observational evidence and genetic associations, including Mendelian randomization studies in humans, are summarized and put into context with experimental evidence for the role of ceramides in human and animal models of disease. Emerging scores composed of ceramides and phosphatidylcholines that are based on the length and desaturation of the N-acyl chains are discussed in the light of novel data demonstrating age- and sex-specific differences. Also reviewed is the structural heterogeneity of the sphingoid bases, including non-conventional sphingolipids that are increasingly recognized for their importance in health and disease. Lastly, novel targets and potential modalities for tissue-specific transfer of drugs are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".