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Record W4411062148 · doi:10.1139/bcb-2024-0218

Revisiting galectin-1, -3, -4, and -9 as biotargets for colorectal cancer

2025· review· en· W4411062148 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Ammar Akram Kamarudin, Nadiah Abu

Bibliographic record

VenueBiochemistry and Cell Biology · 2025
Typereview
Languageen
FieldImmunology and Microbiology
TopicGalectins and Cancer Biology
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGalectinColorectal cancerCell adhesionBiologyGalectin-3CancerCancer researchSignal transductionComputational biologyCellCell biologyImmunologyBiochemistryGenetics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Galectins consist of a highly conserved carbohydrate recognition domain that involves in functional cellular activities including cell growth, cell proliferation and adhesion, signal transduction, and others. It has been reported that galectins play varying roles in distinct tissue types and have been implicated in different diseases, including cancer. Each of these proteins have its specific function and studies on the role of galectins in colorectal cancer mostly focusing on galectin-1, -3, -4, and -9. Thus, this review highlights the role of certain galectins in colorectal cancer, as well as their involvement in clinical trials.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Research integrity
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.962
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0020.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.298
Teacher spread0.285 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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