LEFT-BANK LITTLE RUSSIA IN THE XVII – FIRST QUARTER OF THE XVIII CENTURY: FROM CONTROLLED VOLNITSA (FREEDOM) THROUGH SOCIAL ANARCHY TO GUBERNIZATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim. To analyze the process of evolution of the military-democratic system of Little Russia in the context of international relations and Russian politics for two centuries. Methodology. By employing the methods of historical and genetic research combined with content analysis, the author reveals the internal dynamics of the transition of Little Russia from stateless, semi-anarchic forms of social life to integration into the administrative system of the Russian Empire. Results. It is proved that the concept of “Ukraineˮ, in terms of the state-formation, is a completely artificial construct that has no basis in the very past to which the modern Ukrainian ideologists so diligently appeal. Research implications. The author comes to the conclusion that the appeal to the history of Little Russia as to the civilizational forerunner of the modern Kiev regime can be justified only in case of illustrating the continuity between the Ukrainian anarchy of the XVII century and its modern modifications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".