Reusability of Structural Steel Beams after Cyclic Plastic Deformation and Strain Aging
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>To establish steel reuse in seismic areas, the residual performance of hot rolled I-shapes after plastic deformation and strain aging was examined through 3 test series: (i) tension coupon tests, (ii) cyclic coupon tests, and (iii) cyclically-loaded beam tests. Each test was conducted in 2 phases: pre-loading to predetermined plastic deformation, curing at ambient temperature for 1 or 3 months, followed by loading to failure. Steel with free nitrogen content exceeding 0.006 wt% exhibited substantial strain aging. The beams in test series (iii) maintained their plastic strength to cyclic loading of ±0.04 rad as they gradually degraded in strength due to local flange and web distortion. Residual deformation of the beam was within geometric tolerances after cyclic loading to ±0.01 rad but exceeded tolerance after cyclic loading to ±0.02 rad. A scheme to estimate maximum experienced cyclic deformation based on residual deformation was further validated by numerical simulation.</p>
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it