Tectonically induced changes in vent fluid compositions and metal concentrations at Main Endeavour Field, northeast Pacific Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seafloor hydrothermal vents are dynamic systems that respond to changes in magmatic heat fluxes, crustal permeability and connectivity, and mineral precipitation. However, the logistical challenges associated with marine science operations often preclude direct observation of these dynamics. Here, we utilize infrastructure of Ocean Network Canada’s NEPTUNE cabled observatory to compare time-series vent fluid samples with contemporaneous records of vent fluid temperature and ocean bottom seismicity at the Main Endeavour Field, northeast Pacific Ocean. We find that previously reported changes in vent fluid chemistry coincide with episodes of increased earthquake activity. Ratios of Mg to other fluid mobile elements are consistent with influx of a Mg- and sulfate-depleted fluid, which we attribute to active circulation of intermediate-temperature hydrothermal fluids within shallow seabed lavas. Concentrations of chalcophile transition metals and metalloids are strongly correlated and sensitive to vent fluid temperature, which we propose indicates differential precipitation/dissolution of sulfide minerals. Episodes of heightened microearthquake activity associated with changes in vent fluid chemistry and/or temperature are characterized by swarm-like bursts of relatively small magnitude, likely shallow-origin, earthquakes. Together, these data highlight the sensitivity of vent fluid temperature and chemistry to seismic activity that alters near-surface permeability and connectivity between seawater and various hydrothermal reservoirs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".