Optimizing Gammatone Cepstral Coefficients for Gear Fault Detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cepstral features, such as Gammatone Cepstral Coefficients (GTCC), have recently been applied in fault detection and diagnosis. However, GTCC was originally designed for speech feature extraction rather than fault detection, which limits its ability to effectively capture relevant features for fault identification. In this research, three key parameters of GTCC namely, the number of coefficients, maximum frequency, and minimum frequency are optimized using two metaheuristic algorithms: Fitness Dependent Optimizer (FDO) and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). These parameters are vital for enhancing the effectiveness of GTCC in extracting relevant features from the vibration signal for gear defect identification. Specifically, the maximum and minimum frequency values are critical for capturing the Gear Mesh Frequency (GMF), a common indicator of gear faults. Furthermore, optimizing the number of GTCC coefficients helps reduce model complexity. Experimental results demonstrate that optimizing GTCC parameters with GWO improves fault detection performance using an SVM classifier, achieving over 1% and 3% accuracy improvements on the PHM09 and DDS datasets, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".