ГОРЮЧЕСТЬ ХЛАДАГЕНТОВ КАК СЛЕДСТВИЕ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ОЗОНОРАЗРУШАЮЩИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ: ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ДОСТИГНУТЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Приведены возможные последствия глобального потепления климата на Земле. Показано, что подписание Кигалийской поправки к Монреальскому протоколу по веществам, разрушающим озоновый слой Земли, привело к появлению экологически безопасных, но горючих хладагентов. Показана возможность создавать негорючие смеси хладагентов, используя горючие, но короткоживущие вещества с ингибиторами горения, являющимися парниковыми газами. The paper discusses the environmental implications of rising global temperatures due to the adoption of various international environmental agreements. The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been shown to have negative consequences for the global climate. The paper also examines the legal framework for regulating the use of ozone-depleting substances, as well as the role of greenhouse gas emissions in increasing average annual temperatures. It is noted that the rate of increase in greenhouse gas emissions is higher than that of ozone-destroying substances, due to their widespread use in industry. It has been shown that the adoption of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances Depleting the Earth’s Ozone Layer has led to specific challenges related to the fire safety of refrigerants. This is because greenhouse gases have been replaced primarily by marginal hydrocarbons (propane, butane, and isobutane), as well as some hydrofluorinated olefins. According to the requirements of the amendment, greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced by 85 % by 2036. This poses challenges for a safe transition to alternative substances. Due to the fact that it is not feasible to completely eliminate the use of fluorinated alkanes as refrigerants due to their greenhouse gas properties, the rationality of developing non-flammable mixtures becomes justified. One of these mixtures should contain a substance with high global warming potential, such as one of the R-23, R-125 or R-227 series refrigerants, which acts as an inhibitor of gas-phase combustion. The other component of the mixture should be a chemical compound that has a short lifetime in the atmosphere. Examples of the efficacy of this approach have been demonstrated, allowing for compliance with environmental regulations while ensuring the fire safety of equipment utilizing these refrigerants.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.024 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".