Internationalization of Education and the Experiences of International Students: What is Known
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As the number of international students crossing borders from the Global South to study in the Global North continues to grow, there is a call for an appropriate response to the needs of this category of Canadian immigrants. Using the theoretical framework of border crossing, in this paper, I examine the historical and contemporary contexts of the internationalization of education and what is known about the experiences of international students. In this paper, I also utilize the ideas of border crossing to examine the links between the experiences of the borderlands by international students and the impacts on their multiple identities. In conclusion, I suggest a radical position instead of a rhetorical approach on issues affecting international students, which includes creating an inclusive environment that embraces openness to differences and fosters the true spirit of equity and diversity. A desirable approach is to build a learning environment that facilitates a sense of belonging for all students.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.027 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.014 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".