MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4411220683 · doi:10.1007/s00216-025-05918-9

Quantitative determination and validation of 96 pesticides in cannabis by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS

2025· article· en· W4411220683 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Douglas A. MacKenzie, A M Anyanwu, Garnet McRae, Jeremy E. Melanson

Bibliographic record

VenueAnalytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicCannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Canadian institutionsEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaNational Research Council Canada
FundersNational Research Council Canada
KeywordsGas chromatography–mass spectrometryChromatographyChemistryCannabisMass spectrometryMedicinePsychiatry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Canada has established a strict set of testing requirements for pesticides that are unauthorized for use on cannabis, currently holding the most extensive list of analytes in North America to date, listing minimum method performance limits rather than maximum allowable concentration limits. These requirements establish the need for validated analytical methods capable of quantifying pesticides and growth regulators in highly variable cannabis inflorescence prior to distribution and sale. We have developed quantitative LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods capable of quantifying the 96 pesticides unauthorized in Canada for use on cannabis in dried cannabis flower and hemp. Herein, we report the validation results for linearity, precision, within- and between-sample accuracy, recovery, ion suppression, and limits of quantitation in dried cannabis inflorescence. Accuracy is evaluated in 10 cultivars varying in major cannabinoid content as well as ground whole-plant hemp to demonstrate method performance over a range of sample types. Results of the application of the current method to six cannabis samples seized from illegal storefronts by the Ontario Provincial Police are also reported.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.142
Threshold uncertainty score0.283

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.002
Science and technology studies0.0030.002
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.321
Teacher spread0.306 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueAnalytical and Bioanalytical ChemistrySame topicCannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchFrench-language works237,207