An Ultra-Wideband Coplanar Waveguide Antenna Covering Multiple Frequency Bands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna with multi-mode operation, designed with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed to achieve compact dimensions. The antenna's bandwidth is significantly enhanced by using the integration of stubs and strategic cutouts, while circular polarization is introduced to improve transmission and reception performance. Notably, the antenna supports Global Positioning System (GPS), with its right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) meeting satellite positioning requirements. The proposed design achieves an impedance bandwidth of 1.08 GHz to 2.62 GHz (|S11| ⩽-6 dB, 84.86%) and an axial ratio (AR) bandwidth (AR<3 dB) from 1.5 GHz to 2.27 GHz (40.84%). With the characteristics of a low profile, high gain, wide bandwidth, and high radiation efficiency, this antenna is well-suited for applications in GPS positioning, satellite communication, LTE and WiFi frequency bands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".