Towards Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas: Local Tourism Enterprises and Tourists’ Actions in the Face of Climate Change Impact
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tourism activities in protected areas (PAs) are experiencing significant growth in the post-pandemic era. This study examines the responses of local tourism enterprises and tourists to climate change impacts, their efforts to reduce vulnerabilities, and the implementation of sustainable tourism practices in national parks (NPs) and PAs. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data collected through survey questionnaires with 164 managers of tourism-related businesses and 764 tourists, and qualitative insights gathered from interviews and observations in nine NPs and conservation areas (CAs) in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The findings reveal that climate change significantly affects tourism businesses and operations, posing challenges to both tourism growth and the conservation of fragile natural resources. The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of climate change adaptation and sustainable tourism by emphasizing the integration of structural and non-structural measures to mitigate climate risks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".