Bibliographic record
Abstract
Maryam Jameelah is a well-known literary figure and she wrote on diverse topics regarding the Islamic thought. She was a critique writer of the west but with that she also wrote about the subjects that are conflicting the Islamic conventional view. As she pointed out various weaknesses in the Muslim Ummah regarding their imitation of western ideas in the name of reformation and in order to get themselves modernized in the current era and the conduct of their political regimes under the influence of western political thought or under the influence of imperial powers. In this article her view of Iqbal’s reconstruction of Islam has been critically analyzed, so this is a critique of his book “Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam,” with this the book by Sayyid Ameer Ali entitled “The Spirit of Islam” also critically analyzed by her. She also included in her critique the views of H.A.R. Gibb a well reputed orientalist who has discussed the approach of both the above mentions works in his book “Modern Trends in Islam” and found some diversions from the traditional Islamic belief. Being a professor of Arabic at Oxford University his arguments are also very critical on the subject.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.975 | 0.976 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".