Bibliographic record
Abstract
The importance and authority of ḥadīth in Islam is undeniable. It has been studied by various scholars from different angles. A significant debate in this context is about those who deny its religious status and claim that Islam is all in the Quran and ḥadīth is nothing to do with it. One of such people is Muhammad Sheikh of Karachi. He has raised objections to the importance and meaning of ḥadīth making ḥadīth and the Qurānic words "Aḥsan al-Ḥadīth" as his special focus. To him ḥadīth is actually the events that are narrated in the Quran with reference to Muhammad and other prophets. This article examining his views concludes that these understandings are against the Quran as well as the interpretations and Qurānic commentaries of great Muslim scholars. The meanings of ḥadīth which Sheikh has stated are completely contrary to the style of the expression in the Quran and the clear principles of deriving meaning from this sacred text.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.983 | 0.986 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".