Bibliographic record
Abstract
An important linguistical phenomenon that has been given great attention by Uṣūliyyīn is the concept of Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah (divergent meaning), because of its relation with the text of the Holy Qurān and the Sunnah. Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah can be defined as a meaning derived from the words of the text so that it departs from its explicit meaning. The views of Uṣūliyyīn differ in this regard; Ḥanafī Uṣūliyyīn are known not to accept Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah as evidence, they are basically of the view that Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah is not a valid method of interpretation. It must not be applied to a revealed text, namely the Holy Qurān and the Sunnah. As a method of interpretation, Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah is thus validated only with regard to a non-revealed text. Because there are many injunctions in the Qur'an and Sunnah whose meaning will be distorted if they were to be given divergent interpretation. On the other hand, Mutakallimīn Uṣūliyyīn are of the view that Mafhūm Al Mukhālafah in revealed text is acceptable only if it fulfills certain conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.980 | 0.972 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".