Public open space, adverse live events and psychological distress in Melbourne, Australia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study replicates and builds on earlier work by Høj et al. (2021) conducted in Montreal, Canada, to examine the extent to which residing in close proximity to open public spaces can buffer psychological distress using survey data from Melbourne, Australia. We find that proximity to public open space is negatively associated with psychological distress with stronger effects evident among participants who have experienced an adverse life event or where proximate open space is ‘natural or semi-natural’, compared to maintained (for example sports fields, civic squares). Our results align with those of Høj et al. (2021) and provide support for the stress buffering potential of open spaces. While the findings are modest in terms of absolute effect sizes, they demonstrate that natural public open spaces may provide an effective refuge for people experiencing an adverse life event and highlight the importance of ensuring natural open spaces are a central consideration of residential developments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".