Right-wing populism and the mainstream right in the USA and Canada party systems’ context: Possibility of Identifying conceptual difference
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article analyses existing problems of identification and analysis of the right-wing populism in the context of traditional democracies’ crisis and the attempts of searching for the new ways to attract the electorate base. With a drop in turnout in elections, a drop in voter confidence, an increase in anti-establishment sentiments, as well as the development of political technologies, in the face of popularity of right-wing populism, the mainstream parties are faced a challenge of retaining the votes of general population in new conditions. Donald Trump was the first signal of a radical transformation of American participation and party system. Seven years after the 2016 elections, populism has become an integral part of the politics of the United States, as well as Canada, in which, until 2021, this trend seemed impossible as a concept because of multiculturalism and strong polarization within various social groups. Based on the analysis of the main actors among populists and traditional representatives of the right spectrum in the party systems of the United States and Canada, an attempt was made to test the possibility of highlighting conceptual differences between them applicable to the problem of constructing the theory of populism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".