The Development, Management and Governance of Halal Tourism: Shariah Compliance, Stakeholder Engagement and Digital Integration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The integration of Shariah principles into tourism regulations has emerged as a pivotal concept within the global tourism industry, particularly in Muslim-majority countries.This article explores the interplay between tourism, law and Shariah, focusing on the role of legal frameworks in shaping a Syariah-compliant tourism ecosystem.With the rapid growth of Muslim-friendly tourism, the need for effective regulations has become essential to balance compliance with Islamic values and the demands of international tourism markets.Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this paper highlights the key factors influencing the development of halal tourism, the role of legal structures in Muslim and non-Muslim contexts and the challenges in implementing Shariah-compliant practices.The findings suggest that while Shariah-compliant tourism offers economic opportunities, it also faces challenges in harmonizing religious practices with tourism standards across different regions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".