POS1489-HPR PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE FREMANTLE KNEE AWARENESS QUESTIONNAIRE (FreKAQ) IN TURKISH PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The Fremantle Knee Awareness Questionnaire (FreKAQ) aims to assess perceptual body awareness, particularly concerning the knee, in individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis. Utilizing a Likert scale ranging from 0 to 4, the nine-question questionnaire evaluates various knee-related symptoms, ranging from minor sensory impairments to more severe disorders. Notably, the questionnaire emphasizes the assessment of proprioceptive acuity, sensitivity, and the perceived size and shape of the knee. Objectives: The aim of the study to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the reliability and validity of the FreKAQ in Turkish patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A total of one-hundred individuals with knee osteoarthritis were recruited for this study. Construct validity was assessed via Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Criterion validity was assessed by examining correlations between the Turkish version of FreKAQ (FreKAQ-Tr) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a subset of participants (n = 43) through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of 0.632 and the significance of Bartlett's test (p < 0.001) confirmed the sample's adequacy for factor analysis, leading to the extraction of three factors. FreKAQ-Tr demonstrated significant correlations with VAS-Rest (r = 0.311), VAS-Activity (r = 0.269), HADS-Anxiety (r = 0.370), HADS-Depression (r = 0.3439), TAMPA (r = 0.466), PCS (r = 0.617), and WOMAC_Total (r = 0.500). Reliability analysis indicated good internal consistency for the FreKAQ-Tr, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.742. Additionally, test-retest reliability analysis demonstrated excellent stability, with an ICC of 0.935. Conclusion: The FreKAQ-Tr is a valid and reliable tool for assessing knee perception changes among Turkish-speaking patients with knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, this newly adapted instrument is recommended for assessing knee perception in Turkish patients with painful knee osteoarthritis. REFERENCES: [1] Nishigami T, Mibu A, Tanaka K, et al. Development and psychometric properties of knee-specific body-perception questionnaire in people with knee osteoarthritis: The Fremantle Knee Awareness Questionnaire. PLoS One. 2017;12(6), e0179225. Table 1The characteristics of the patients and instruments (n =100)Mean ± SDAge (years)61.09 ± 9.13BMI (kg/m 2 )30.58 ± 5.56Pain Duration (month)51.83 ± 50.93Gendern (%)Female79 (79)Male21 (21)Education LevelLiterate6 (6.0)Primary school60 (60)Middle school11 (11)High school13 (13)University10 (10)Regular exercise habitsYes8 (8)No92 (92)Regular sleep habitsYes61 (61)No39 (39)InstrumentsMean ± SDFreKAQ-Tr16.7 ± 5.36VAS_Rest2.89 ± 1.81VAS_Activity6.59 ± 1.60PCS28.06 ± 10.03TAMPA46.0 ± 6.77HADS Anxiety9.80 ± 4.83HADS Depression8.52 ± 4.35WOMAC_Pain10.52 ± 2.98WOMAC_Stiffness3.68 ± 1.73WOMAC_Physical Function35.94 ± 10.13WOMAC_Total Score52.19 ± 14.32SD: Standard Deviation; BMI (kg/m 2 ): Body Mass Index; FreKAQ-Tr: Turkish Version of The Fremantle Knee Awareness Questionnaire; VAS: Visual Analog Scale; PCS: Pain Catastrophizing Scale; TSK: Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Table 2Explanatory Factor Analysis results of FreKAQ-TrFactor loadingPercentage of variancesEigenvaluesFactor 1Factor 2Factor 3Item10.650Item 20.58612.56%1.005Item 30.844Item 40.684Item 50.84316.82%1.345Item 60.674Item 70.88935.76%2.861Item 90.884Note. ‘varimax' rotation was used, FreKAQ-Tr: Turkish Version of The Fremantle Knee Awareness Questionnaire Acknowledgements: NIL . Disclosure of Interests: None declared . © The Authors 2025. This abstract is an open access article published in Annals of Rheumatic Diseases under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Neither EULAR nor the publisher make any representation as to the accuracy of the content. The authors are solely responsible for the content in their abstract including accuracy of the facts, statements, results, conclusion, citing resources etc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".