Formamidinium's (FAI) Impact on α‐CsPbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Stability in Ambient Air: A Path for Highly Efficient Perovskite–Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI 3 ) perovskites are known for their instability, particularly under ambient conditions, where they often degrade from the preferred black‐phase (α‐phase) to the nonperovskite yellow‐phase (δ‐phase). This phase transition causes a loss of optical performance, which drastically lowers the solar cell's durability and efficiency. To solve this problem, we explored adding formamidinium iodide (FAI) as a CsPbI 3 stabilizer agent. By adding FAI, we facilitate the transition from the less stable δ phase to the more stable and optically active α‐phase. This modification enhances the crystallinity of the material, reduces the density of defects, and improves the mobility of charge carriers, all of which improve device performance. Our results show a noticeable increase in solar cell efficiency after FAI incorporation. Theoretical calculations have shown that with single‐junction devices, the PCE was enhanced from 23.12% to 26.9%. Furthermore, the material becomes more stable over time, especially as compared to its original unstable structure. Finally, we integrated CsPbI 3 into tandem perovskite–perovskite solar cells for the first time, achieving a ground‐breaking efficiency of 32%. These advancements represent a significant leap forward for perovskite‐based solar technologies. The promising outcomes of this research are under active consideration for commercialization, paving the way for the practical use of CsPbI 3 ‐based solar technologies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it