Cardboard Controller: A Cost-Effective Method to Support Complex Interactions in Mobile VR
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
To address the need for high-complexity low-cost interaction methods for mobile VR, we present a Cardboard Controller, supporting 6-degree-of-freedom target selection while being made of low-cost, highly accessible materials. We present two studies, one evaluating selection activation methods, and the other comparing performance and user experience of the Cardboard Controller using ray-casting and the virtual hand. Our Cardboard Controller has comparable throughput and task completion time to similar 3D input devices and can effectively support pointing and grabbing interactions, particularly when objects are within reach. We propose guidelines for designing low-cost interaction methods and input devices for mobile VR to encourage future research towards the democratization of VR.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it