Bibliographic record
Abstract
Use of cell phones has increased drastically and has raised public concern on potential health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves.Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate cytotoxicity in cell phone users by performing Buccal Cytome Assay.Sixty male volunteers (20-25 years) using cell phones for 3 to 9 hours per day were recruited with prior consent as per ethical guidelines and Buccal Cytome Assay was performed.Individuals were divided into groups according to their addiction h abits and call duration.Same number (n=60) of age matched individuals using cell phones for less than 1 hour and without any addiction were considered as Least exposed Individuals.Results of this study showed highly significant frequencies of various cell ano malies such as Micronucleus, nuclear buds, pyknotic cells, karyorrhectic, condensed chromatin and Karyolytic cells, in exposed Individuals as compared to least exposed Individuals.Also, the frequency of such cells was significantly higher in the maximally exposed gr oup (7-9 hrs) as compared to the groups with lesser call duration.Amongst the exposed Individuals, the Addiction group showed significant increase in these cell anomalies as compared to the No-addiction group.The result of our study implies caution for cell phone users as they may get prone to adverse long term health effects including cancer with prolonged talk time exposure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.932 | 0.947 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".